Injection characteristics play an important role in the emission and overall thermal
efficiency of an engine. Several methods have been proposed for analyzing different fuel injection
characteristics. This study focused on the interferometric laser imaging for droplet sizing (ILIDS)
technique to investigate the effects of droplet size and velocity under different conditions of waterglycerin mixtures. These effects were evaluated using intermittent spray flows in both ambient and
pressurized constant volume spray chamber conditions. The initial results were compared to those
reported by previous studies and used to determine the Sauter mean diameter (SMD), arithmetic
mean diameter (AMD), droplet velocity, and probability density function of the spray droplet size.
SMD and AMD tended to decrease as the plate temperature, injection pressure, and viscosity were
increased at specific observation areas. The average velocity of the droplet increased with higher
plate temperature and injection pressure at specific observation areas. The distribution of the
smaller droplet increased with higher plate temperature and injection pressure. For the waterglycerin mixture, as the glycerin ratio increased, more viscous droplets were created. This was
followed in higher nozzle shear force at the outlet of the fuel injector, which decreased the particle
size and generated more atomized fuel sprays. This result can enable the reduction in hydrocarbon
and carbon monoxide emissions from internal combustion engines.
